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Detection of luminescent nanoparticles in plants by laser spectroscopy
Střítežská, Sára ; Novotný,, Karel (referee) ; Modlitbová, Pavlína (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with evaluation of toxicity and bioaccumulation of photon-upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) in model plant maize (Zea mays). Lanthanide-doped UCNPs with different composition and size were tested in three different concentrations in this work. The exposure took place for 168 hours. Toxicity was assessed based on four macroscopic toxicological endpoints (mortality, the length of belowground part of the plants, the length of aboveground part of the plants and whole plants length). Spatial distribution of elements yttrium, ytterbium, erbium and gadolinium in model plants was determined using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy with spatial resolution of 100 m and 26 m. Distribution of UCNPs in plants was further studied with photon-upconversion microscanning with spatial resolution of 40 m. Stability of UCNPs during and after the plant exposure was also discussed in this thesis.
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Creation of spectral lines database of selected standards for Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and double pulse Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (DP LIBS)
Mazura, Martin ; Sládková, Lucia (referee) ; Kaiser, Jozef (advisor)
Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) has a great potential across a different fields of use. Wide use of this method is still complicated because of some problems. The most important problem is difficult analysis of obtained measurement results. Nowadays mostly used analysis is based on comparison of measured data with databases created in different way. This bachelor’s thesis deals with creation of spectral lines database for LIBS and it also shows the methodology for spectral lines database assembling. Theoretical basis of the method and experimental setup used for measurements is described in the first part of this thesis. Further, there are described measurements of standards and creation of database. The result of this work presents a database of spectral lines containing 14 elements and more than 500 spectral lines. In order to illustrate database utilization it was established composition of an unknown sample.
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Element analysis of magnesium alloys using laser induced breakdown spectrometry
Veis, Samuel ; Fintová, Stanislava (referee) ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor)
Bachelor‘s thesis is aimed at assessing the possibilities of trace elements detection in magnesium alloys using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy with a focus on rare earth elements. Base materials were wrought magnesium alloy sheet ZE10 with thickness of 1,6 mm and ZE41 with thickness of 2 mm produced using Direct Chill casting method. Qualitative and quantitative ways of LIBS spectra evaluation were described in the work. Qualitative analysis confirmed the presence of La, Ce, Nd and Pr in ZE41, and La with Ce in ZE10. These informations confirm results of EDS analysis. For a demonstration, quantitative analysis of ZE10 was made, which confirmed the possibility of using LIBS for detection of REE in Mg alloys.
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Software for the Spectroscopy Method LIBS
Vyroubalová, Jana ; Mráček, Štěpán (referee) ; Orság, Filip (advisor)
This thesis discusses creating of software for the LIBS spectroscopy method (for an electronic chamber). In the first part the reader will learn about the LIBS method and about a short description of a workplace, where the project is being created. Then I write about an application design for laboratories, which are going to use this method. Next I describe an implementation of software, where the reader can find some details about used algorithms for autofocus (an evaluation of image sharpness and an iterative determination of the position of the camera). The end of this work is focused on the assessment of GUI and testing the application.
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Development and optimization of laser assisted spark discharge optical emission spectroscopy
Kleštinec, Róbert ; Samek, Ota (referee) ; Pořízka, Pavel (advisor)
This master's thesis addresses the improvement of the detection capability and sensitivity of the LIBS method through the utilization of a secondary energy source in the form of spark discharge. The use of spark discharge for plasma excitation significantly extends its lifetime and provides an opportunity to enhance the analytical properties of the existing LIBS system. In the experimental part, both conductive and non-conductive samples were analyzed. In cement paste samples, chlorine was successfully detected without the need for additional rare gas atmosphere.
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LIBS analysis of heavy metals in plant matrice
Opluštil, Marek ; Pořízka, Pavel (referee) ; Krčma, František (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of cadmium distribution in the plant matrix using laser - induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Technical hemp plants grown in soil with different cadmium concentrations were used as samples. The theoretical part focuses on LIBS methods in terms of basic principles, description of accompanying phenomena during measurements and instrumentation. Advantages and disadvantages over other analytical techniques as well as practical applications are also described. In addition, the issue of cadmium in the environment, its occurrence and use in human activities is described. In the experimental part, the methodology for sample preparation for LIBS and ICP-OES analysis is described. The aim of this work is to observe the effect of cadmium on the growth of plants that were successively harvested weekly until the fourth week. Subsequently, plant and soil samples were prepared for LIBS and ICP-OES measurements and the results were evaluated. ICP-OES analysis led to the determination of each element content. The LIBS method provided information on the areal distribution of the elements (spectral maps), allowing to see in which plants part the determined element is located. It is clear from the results of the experimental part that the LIBS method is very advantageous and efficient in the analysis of elements in biological matrices, both biogenic and toxic.
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Optimization of laser ablation of soft tissues
Bischofová, Hana ; Kuchyňka,, Michaela (referee) ; Pořízka, Pavel (advisor)
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an analytical method which is used in many fields and also for elemental analysis of soft tissues. It is necessary to optimize the soft tissue laser ablation to achieve the highest possible intensity of the wavelength spectrum. Mouse kidneys were ablated in the experimental part of this master thesis. The samples of the kidneys were prepared in two different ways, by embedding in paraffin and by preparing cryo-sections. The femto- and the nano- second lasers with different wavelengths, energies and pulse counts were used for ablation.
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Detection of luminescent nanoparticles in plants by laser spectroscopy
Střítežská, Sára ; Novotný,, Karel (referee) ; Modlitbová, Pavlína (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with evaluation of toxicity and bioaccumulation of photon-upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) in model plant maize (Zea mays). Lanthanide-doped UCNPs with different composition and size were tested in three different concentrations in this work. The exposure took place for 168 hours. Toxicity was assessed based on four macroscopic toxicological endpoints (mortality, the length of belowground part of the plants, the length of aboveground part of the plants and whole plants length). Spatial distribution of elements yttrium, ytterbium, erbium and gadolinium in model plants was determined using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy with spatial resolution of 100 m and 26 m. Distribution of UCNPs in plants was further studied with photon-upconversion microscanning with spatial resolution of 40 m. Stability of UCNPs during and after the plant exposure was also discussed in this thesis.
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